Obstetrics and gynecology are different branches of medicine. Obstetrics focuses on managing pregnancy and childbirth, while gynecology focuses on handling women's reproductive problems.
Although the two are different, but because they cover the two biggest health problems in women, they are incorporated in one skill or specialization called OBGYN. In Indonesia, this specialist doctor is given the title of Obstetrics & Gynecology Specialist (Obstetrics and Gynecology) or abbreviated as SpOG.
Services provided
Obstetrics is a branch of medicine that deals with pregnancy and childbirth. This includes the process before, during, and after a woman gives birth. Whereas gynecology is a branch of medicine that focuses on the health of female reproductive organs only. Starting from diagnosis, examination, to treatment.
Pregnant women usually visit obstetricians and gynecologists for routine antenatal examinations and care, which is an examination of the condition of the pregnancy and preparation for delivery. The time span varies according to the doctor's recommendations during pregnancy, but they will see a doctor about routinely every trimester.
The focus of obstetric care is also done to examine abnormalities during pregnancy and childbirth, including:
- Ectopic pregnancy, or pregnancy outside the womb.
- Placental abruption, which is the placenta released from the uterus prematurely.
- Preeclampsia, which is characterized by high blood pressure, swelling of the legs, and the release of protein through urine.
- Premature birth.
- Baby's shoulder is stuck during childbirth (shoulder dystocia).
- The umbilical cord (Prolapsed umbilical cord), the umbilical cord that comes out precedes the baby, then is pinched.
- Bleeding during or after delivery.
- Uterine rupture, a tear in the lining of the uterus.
- Sepsis
Then for gynecological services, it leads to women's reproductive health. This includes the diagnosis and treatment of the vaginal, uterine, ovarian and fallopian tubes. Gynecological services can also include handling problems related to women's breasts.
Some services that can be handled by gynecologists include:
- Vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV).
- Leucorrhoea
- Urinary tract infection.
- Sexually transmitted disease.
- Menopause
Other Conditions Required by Obstetricians and Gynecologists
One reason many women choose treatment by obstetricians and obstetricians for their pregnancy is because they feel more comfortable after understanding the condition of the fetus and the pregnancy in more detail. Your obstetrician and gynecologist can also coordinate your pregnancy care.
Aside from pregnancy in general, there are a number of important situations for seeking treatment from obstetricians and gynecologists:
- Examination for premarital preparation.
- Pregnancy program for couples who want to have a pregnancy or infertile partner.
- Old age pregnancy or if you are over 35 years old, or have a high-risk pregnancy such as pregnant women who also have diabetes or high blood pressure.
- Advanced direction to prevent or reduce the impact of pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia or placenta previa.
- Pap smear for early detection of cervical cancer.
- Examination related to genetic factors.
- Post mortem services for crimes such as rape and abortion.
Obstetrics and gynecology examinations have many benefits for public health, especially for mothers and children. The existence of this service is expected to help increase awareness about the importance of maternal and child health, reproductive health, and reduce morbidity and mortality rates for mothers and children.
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